Accelerating global commercialisation of ERW for atmospheric carbon removal

The research scientific discoveries of our Centre since 2015 are already driving multimillion- dollar research development and demonstration investment in carbon removal by ERW across the public and private sectors worldwide.

LC3M globe outline logo and centre title in white text against a field of green crops and blue sky
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Commercialization and entrepreneurship is upscaling carbon removal by ERW in the near term; implementation of government policies will further accelerate upscaling.

Here鈥檚 a run-down of ERW firms (as of March 2024) founded in the last few years that all draw on our research Centre鈥檚 outputs to support their raison d鈥檈tre. Currently, these firms are actively removing more than 30,000 tonnes CO2 each year and collectively plan to deliver millions of tonnes of CO2 removal annually within a decade.

Future growth of these exciting high-impact activities will help put humanity on a path to a healthy environment with planetary resilience to climate change.

Company/operating country/website

Est.

Capital raised

Rock spread

(metric tonnes)

CO2 removal goals (metric tonnes)

2022

$12 million

163,000 t basalt, 5,000 t wollastonite

(2023)

35,000 t over next 50 years

2022

$63 million

10,000 t basalt (2023)

1 billion t by 2030

2020

$12 million

16,000 t basalt (2023)

1 million t yr-1 by 2027; 10 million t yr-1 by 2030

2022

$5.6million

50,000 t basalt (2023)

1 million t by 2026

2022

$4.2 million

n/d

n/d

2022

n/d

4,000 t concrete

(2024)

>1 million t by 2034

2022

$0.5 million

n/d

n/d

2021

n/d

t basalt (2023)

100 million t by 2040

USA & Albania

2022

$3.75 million

n/d

n/d

(MRV tech)

2022

n/d

n/d

1 billion t by 2035

2023

n/d

2,500 t basalt (2023)

n/d

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2021

$38 million

Microbial EW of existing farmland

n/d

2021

n/d

3 million t Potash

(2023)

0.36 million t by 2030, up to 6 million t by 2050

2023

$0.55 million

n/d

1 billion t by 2035

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2024

n/d

n/d

n/d

2023

n/d

n/d

n/d

2022

$12.7 million over 2 rounds (as of July 2024)

n/d

n/d

UNDO Carbon logo in black and white

(UK)
Founded 2022. One of the largest and fast growing ERW firms, Undo has raised $8-$14million (Series A start-up) with ambitions to be the first company to remove 1 million tonnes of CO2.  It has spread 24,000 tonnes of crushed basalt rock, removing approximately 6,000 tonnes of CO2 from the atmosphere. Overall in 2023 they plan to spread 185,000 tonnes of basalt across 9,250 hectares (at a rate of 20 t/ha), creating the removal of approx. 46,250 tonnes of CO2.

Lithos company logo in white text on black background

(US) (see Substack )
Founded 2022. Raised over $6.5million, Lithos Carbon has deployed over 10,000 tonnes of carbon-removing rock over thousands of hectares of Midwestern farmland. They are on track to capture 2,000+ tonnes of COwhile making a significant positive impact on the lives of rural communities and growers.  The company has the potential to capture a billion tonnes of CO2 this decade. In December 2023, Lithos received a $57million purchase from Frontier, which Lithos plans to use to soak up 154,000 tons of CO2 by 2028.

Eion logo in dark green in white consisting of 3 elliptical lines in an overlapping circular design

(US)
Founded 2020. (Series A start-up). Eion claims a 鈥渟hovel-ready climate-smart solution for U.S. agriculture and its farmers鈥. It has worked to create an upstream supply chain that provides immediate access to mineral resources representing millions of tonnes of annual CO2 removal. It also has established commercial relationships with distribution partners across the South, Mid-South, and Midwest regions of the US providing access to millions of acres under management.

InPlanet logo in a leaf shape with a portion cut out, in blue fading to green colours

(Germany/Brazil)
Founded 2022. Raised 鈧1.2million in pre-seed round for ERW in the tropics. Planning to spread 50,000 tonnes of rock dust in 2023 to remove 10,000 tonnes of CO2.  Ultimately aims to sequester millions of tonnes of CO2 while regenerating tropical soils to create a liveable planet with nutritious food and healthy ecosystems for future generations.

Silicate company name and logo in pink text on a grey background

(Ireland)
Founded 2022. Raised ~$0.5million for turning concrete into a climate solution. Silicate鈥檚 weathering agent is derived from surplus concrete. The idea of using crushed returned concrete instead of volcanic material is novel. They take this material and turn it into a carbon removal vehicle by processing it and spreading it on agricultural soils. The plan to remove millions of tonnes of CO2 safely from the atmosphere by 2034.

Carbonaught logo with a tree on a shield above company name in beige

(Australia)
Founded 2021. Raised ~$0.5 million for ERW.  Aims to reduce the carbon footprint humanity while upgrading global food security. They have mobilised projects across Queensland and Western Australia, are in talks with two overseas governments, and are in pre-feasibility phase for a 10,000-tonne carbon removal project with a large ASX200 company. Ambitiously aiming for annual permanent removal of millions of tonnes of CO, they have 150 million hectares of working agricultural land for delivering income and nutritional security to over 80 million people worldwide.

A logo in gold text reading MATI in capital letters, followed by an ear of corn.

(India)
Founded 2021. Mati's innovative business model delivers ERW and nutrients entirely free to marginal farmers in India with limited access to fertilizers. Mati's goal is to remove cumulatively 100 million tonnes of CO2 by 2040 while creating significant co-benefits for farmers.

Climitigation logo comprising two equilateral triangles on an angle filled with country outlines and company name in black text


Climitigation is currently working on a "stealth CDR company", founded in 2022 to create a novel, permanent, and inexpensive ERW method without unreasonably insurmountable scaling limitations to reaching billion tonne CO2 removal per year, while at the same time not being dependent on revenue from the carbon dioxide removal credit market.

Everest Carbon logo featuring a white mountain circular icon above white text reading Everest Carbon


Fighting climate change at scale with rock powder. Permanent, independently verified, directly measured and cost-effective removal of atmospheric CO2 by speeding up Earth's natural carbon cycle at scale through ERW. Everest Carbon operates in India where around 55% of the population is dependent on income from agriculture, which provides an average household income of just $70 per month. Scaling up their operations to one billion tonnes per year by 2030 will create decent jobs and livelihoods for millions of people that will be hit hardest by the impacts of climate change.